The following are brief and general summaries of the United Kingdom and United States taxation treatment of the Proposal. The summaries are based on existing law, including statutes, regulations, administrative rulings and court decisions, and what is understood to be current HMRC and IRS practice, all as in effect on the date of this document. Future legislative, judicial or administrative changes or interpretations could alter or modify statements and conclusions set forth below, and these changes or interpretations could be retroactive and could affect the tax consequences of the Proposal to Signet Shareholders and Signet ADS holders. The summaries do not consider the consequences of the Proposal under tax laws of countries other than the United Kingdom and the United States (or any US laws other than those pertaining to income tax), nor do the summaries consider any alternative minimum tax or state or local consequences of the Proposal.
The summaries provide general guidance to persons resident, ordinarily resident and domiciled for tax purposes in the UK who hold Signet Shares and/or Signet ADSs (and who also subsequently hold Signet Jewelers Limited Shares) as an investment, and to US holders (as defined below) who hold Signet Shares and/or Signet ADSs (and who also subsequently hold Signet Jewelers Limited Shares) as capital assets (within the meaning of section 1221 of the US Code), and not to any holders who are taxable in the UK on a remittance basis or who are subject to special tax rules, such as banks, financial institutions, broker-dealers, persons subject to mark-to-market treatment, UK resident individuals who hold their Signet Shares (or who subsequently hold Signet Jewelers Limited Shares) under a personal equity plan, persons that hold their Signet Shares and/or Signet ADSs (or who subsequently hold Signet Jewelers Limited Shares) as a position in part of a straddle, conversion transaction, constructive sale or other integrated investment, US holders whose "functional currency" is not the US dollar, persons who received their Signet Shares and/or Signet ADSs (or who subsequently receive Signet Jewelers Limited Shares) by exercising employee stock options or otherwise as compensation, persons who have acquired their Signet Shares and/or Signet ADSs (or who subsequently acquire Signet Jewelers Limited Shares) by virtue of any office or employment, S corporations or other pass-through entities (or investors in S corporations or other pass-through entities), mutual funds, insurance companies, exempt organisations, US holders subject to the alternative minimum tax, and certain expatriates or former long-term residents of the US.
In addition, this discussion does not address US holders of Signet Shares and/or Signet ADSs who will own five per cent or more of the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares, measured by vote or value, either directly or indirectly through attribution rules, immediately after the Scheme becomes effective, because those shareholders are subject to special US federal income tax rules, would generally be required to enter into a "gain recognition agreement" with the IRS to avoid current taxation upon receipt of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares under the Scheme, and may be required to recognise taxable gain for US federal income tax purposes in respect of the Scheme in certain circumstances. Each such US holder is urged to consult his tax adviser concerning the decision to file a gain recognition agreement and the procedures to be followed in connection with that filing.
The summaries are not intended to provide specific advice and no action should be taken or omitted to be taken in reliance upon it. If you are in any doubt about your taxation position, or if you are ordinarily resident or domiciled outside the United Kingdom or resident or otherwise subject to taxation in a jurisdiction outside the United Kingdom or the United States, you should consult your own professional advisers immediately.
Signet Jewelers Limited will be incorporated in Bermuda. The directors of Signet Jewelers Limited intend to conduct Signet Jewelers Limited's affairs such that, based on current law and practice of the relevant tax authorities, Signet Jewelers Limited will not become resident for tax purposes in any other territory. This section 11 is written on the basis that Signet Jewelers Limited does not become resident in a territory other than Bermuda.
At the present time, there is no Bermuda income or profits tax, withholding tax, capital gains tax, capital transfer tax, estate duty or inheritance tax payable by Signet Jewelers Limited or by Signet Jewelers Limited's shareholders in respect of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares. Signet Jewelers Limited has obtained an assurance from the Minister of Finance of Bermuda under the Exempted Undertakings Tax Protection Act 1966 that, in the event that any legislation is enacted in Bermuda imposing any tax computed on profits or income, or computed on any capital asset, gain or appreciation or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, such tax shall not, until 28 March 2016, be applicable to Signet Jewelers Limited or to any of its operations or to its shares, debentures or other obligations except insofar as such tax applies to persons ordinarily resident in Bermuda or is payable by Signet Jewelers Limited in respect of real property owned or leased by it in Bermuda.
There is no income or other tax of Bermuda imposed by withholding or otherwise on any dividend or other distribution to be paid or made by Signet Jewelers Limited to its shareholders.
(a)Chargeable gains
This paragraph 11.2(a) applies to UK resident or UK ordinarily resident Signet Shareholders or Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholders who (in either case) are domiciled in the UK.
(i)Implementation of the Scheme
If a Signet Shareholder does not hold (either alone or together with persons connected with him) more than five per cent of, or of any class of, shares in or debentures of Signet, he will not be treated by virtue of the implementation of the scheme as having made a disposal of his Signet Shares for the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable gains. Instead, the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares should be treated as the same asset as those Signet Shares acquired at the same time and for the same consideration as the Signet Shares.
Any Signet Shareholder who holds (either alone or together with persons connected with him) more than five per cent of, or of any class of, shares in or debentures of Signet is advised that clearance has been granted by HMRC under section 138 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992 in respect of the Scheme. As a result, any such shareholder should also be treated in the manner described in the preceding paragraph.
(ii) Share Capital Consolidation
For the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable gains, the Share Capital Consolidation will be regarded as a reorganisation of the share capital of Signet Jewelers Limited.
Accordingly, other than in respect of any fractional entitlements referred to below, a Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholder will not be treated for these purposes as making a disposal of all or part of his holding of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares by reason of the Share Capital Consolidation and no liability to UK taxation of chargeable gains should arise in respect of the Share Capital Consolidation. Instead, pre- and post-Share Capital Consolidation Signet Jewelers Limited Shares will be treated as the same asset acquired at the time and for the same consideration as pre-Share Capital Consolidation Signet Jewelers Limited Shares.
Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholders may, depending on their individual circumstances, incur a liability to UK taxation of chargeable gains in respect of any cash received for the sale of any fractional entitlements arising to them as a result of the Share Capital Consolidation. However, Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholders will be treated as making no disposal for the purpose of UK taxation of chargeable gains if the cash payment is "small" as compared to the value of the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares in respect of which the rights arose. No liability to UK taxation of chargeable gains will then arise as a result of the disposal of the fractional entitlements, but the proceeds will be deducted from the base cost of the Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholder's holding of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares. HMRC interprets "small" as five per cent or less of the value of the shares in respect of which the rights arose or £3,000 or less, regardless of whether or not it would pass the five per cent test.
(iii) Future disposal of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares
A subsequent disposal of the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares may, depending on individual circumstances (including the availability of exemptions or allowable losses), give rise to a liability to (or an allowable loss for the purposes of) UK taxation of chargeable gains.
Any chargeable gain or allowable loss on a disposal of the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares should be calculated taking into account the allowable cost to the holder of acquiring his Signet Shares. In the case of corporate Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholders, to this should be added, when calculating a chargeable gain but not an allowable loss, indexation allowance on the allowable cost. Non-corporate Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholders should note that, under the UK Finance Act 2008, non-corporates are not entitled to indexation allowance or taper relief in respect of disposals occurring on or after 6 April 2008. The UK Finance Act 2008 also introduces a single capital gains tax rate of 18 per cent for non-corporate shareholders in respect of any chargeable gain arising on disposals on or after 6 April 2008. These changes do not affect shareholders within the charge to UK corporation tax on chargeable gains.
Individuals who currently hold their Signet Shares within an ISA and are entitled to ISA-related tax reliefs in respect of the same will generally not be subject to UK taxation of chargeable gains in respect of any gain arising on a disposal of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares provided that the relevant gain arises on a disposal of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares which are held within an ISA on the same basis as those Signet Shares currently held in an ISA.
(b)Taxation of dividends on Signet Jewelers Limited Shares
A UK resident Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholder or a holder of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares who carries on a trade, profession or vocation in the United Kingdom through a branch or agency or, in the case of a company, a permanent establishment in connection with which the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares are held will generally, depending upon the holder's particular circumstances, be subject to UK income tax or corporation tax (as the case may be), on any dividends paid by Signet Jewelers Limited on the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares. Shareholders within the charge to corporation tax will be liable to tax on the dividend income (up to the maximum rate of 28 per cent for 2008-2009). The UK government is however currently considering the tax treatment of portfolio dividends received by UK tax resident companies with a view to achieving parity of treatment between UK and foreign portfolio dividends.
A UK resident individual Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholder who is liable to UK income tax at no more than the basic rate will be liable to income tax on the dividend income at the dividend ordinary rate (which should be 10 per cent in 2008-2009). A UK resident individual Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholder who is liable to UK income tax at the higher rate will be subject to income tax on the dividend income at the dividend upper rate (which should be 32.5 per cent in 2008-2009). However, under the UK Finance Act 2008, with effect from the current year (2008-2009), individuals in receipt of dividends from Signet Jewelers Limited, if they own less than a 10 per cent shareholding in Signet Jewelers Limited, will be entitled to the same non-payable dividend tax credit as individuals in receipt of UK dividends (currently at the rate of 1/9th of the cash dividend paid (or 10 per cent of the aggregate of the net dividend and related tax credit)). Assuming that there is no withholding tax imposed on the dividend (as to which see further paragraph 11.1 above), the individual is treated as receiving for UK tax purposes gross income equal to the cash dividend plus the tax credit. The tax credit is set against the individual's tax liability on that gross income. The result is that a UK resident individual Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholder who is liable to UK income tax at no more than the basic rate will have no further UK income tax to pay on a Signet Jewelers Limited dividend. A UK resident individual Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholder who is liable to UK income tax at the higher rate will have further UK income tax to pay of 22.5 per cent of the dividend plus the related tax credit (or 25 per cent of the cash dividend, assuming that there is no withholding tax imposed on that dividend). For example, a dividend of £80 (without any withholding tax imposed) will carry a tax credit of £8.89. The income tax payable by a higher rate taxpayer would be 32.5 per cent of £88.89, namely £28.89, less the tax credit of £8.89, leaving a net tax liability of £20.
The UK Government has announced proposals (which are intended to take effect from April 2009) to extend the availability of the tax credits to individuals who own 10 per cent or more of the issued share capital in distributing non-UK companies. The availability of this tax credit will be subject to the company paying the dividend satisfying certain conditions and it is possible that Signet Jewelers Limited will fail to meet those conditions.
Individual Signet Jewelers Limited Shareholders who hold their Signet Jewelers Limited Shares in an ISA and are entitled to ISA-related tax reliefs in respect of the same will not be taxed on the dividends from those Signet Jewelers Limited Shares but are not entitled to recover from HMRC the tax credit on such dividends.
(c) Stamp duty and SDRT
(i) The Scheme and the Share Capital Consolidation
No ad valorem United Kingdom stamp duty or SDRT will be payable by Signet Shareholders or by Signet ADS holders as a result of the Scheme or the Share Capital Consolidation.
(ii) Transfers of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares
In practice, stamp duty should generally not need to be paid on an instrument transferring Signet Jewelers Limited Shares. No SDRT will generally be payable in respect of any agreement to transfer Signet Jewelers Limited Shares or Depositary Interests. The statements in this paragraph summarise the current position on stamp duty and SDRT and are intended as a general guide only. They assume that Signet Jewelers Limited will not be UK managed and controlled and that the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares will not be registered in a register kept in the UK by or on behalf of Signet Jewelers Limited. Signet Jewelers Limited has confirmed that it does not intend to keep such a register in the UK.
(d)Transactions in securities
Signet Shareholders should note that a clearance has been granted by HMRC under section 707 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 and section 701 of the Income Tax Act 2007 that Signet Shareholders and Signet ADS holders should not suffer a counter-acting tax assessment under the transaction in securities rules in sections 703 et seq. of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 and sections 682 et seq. of the Income Tax Act 2007 (as the case may be) by reference to the Scheme.
As used in this discussion, the term "US holder" means a beneficial owner of Signet Shares, Signet ADSs and/or Signet Jewelers Limited Shares who is for US federal income tax purposes: (i) an individual US citizen or resident; (ii) a corporation, or entity treated as a corporation, created or organised in or under the laws of the United States; (iii) an estate the income of which is subject to US federal income taxation regardless of its source; or (iv) a trust if either: (a) a court within the US is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more US persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of such trust; or (b) the trust has a valid election in effect to be treated as a US resident for US federal income tax purposes.
If a partnership (or other entity classified as a partnership for US federal tax income purposes) holds Signet Shares, Signet ADSs or Signet Jewelers Limited Shares, the US federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partnerships, and partners in partnerships, holding Signet Shares, Signet ADSs or Signet Jewelers Limited Shares are encouraged to consult their tax advisers.
INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE CIRCULAR 230 NOTICE: TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE CIRCULAR 230, HOLDERS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT: (A) ANY DISCUSSION OF FEDERAL TAX ISSUES CONTAINED OR REFERRED TO IN THIS DOCUMENT IS NOT INTENDED TO BE USED, AND CANNOT BE USED, BY HOLDERS FOR THE PURPOSES OF AVOIDING PENALTIES THAT MAY BE IMPOSED ON THEM UNDER THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE; (B) SUCH DISCUSSION IS WRITTEN IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROMOTION OR MARKETING OF THE TRANSACTIONS OR MATTERS ADDRESSED HEREIN; AND (C) HOLDERS SHOULD SEEK ADVICE BASED ON THEIR PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES FROM AN INDEPENDENT TAX ADVISER.
(a)Certain US federal income tax consequences of the Proposal generally
If you are a US holder of Signet Shares and/or Signet ADSs, you generally should not recognise any
taxable gain or loss for US federal income tax purposes upon your receipt of Signet Jewelers Limited
Shares under the Proposal. Different rules, however, apply to any cash received in lieu of fractional
interests in Signet Jewelers Limited Shares, as discussed further below.
The aggregate tax basis of the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares received by you under the Proposal,
including any fractional interests in Signet Jewelers Limited Shares to which you would be entitled but
for the special treatment of fractional interests described below, will equal the aggregate tax basis of
the Signet Shares and/or Signet ADSs exchanged for Signet Jewelers Limited Shares. The holding
period of the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares received will include the holding period of the Signet
Shares and/or Signet ADSs exchanged therefor.
(b)Cash received instead of a fractional interest in Signet Jewelers Limited Shares
Fractional interests in Signet Jewelers Limited Shares will not be issued to former holders of Signet Shares under the Proposal. Instead, any fractional share interests that such holders otherwise would have been entitled to receive will be aggregated and sold in the market and the proceeds will be paid to those shareholders. If you receive cash in respect of a fractional interest in a Signet Jewelers Limited Share, you generally will recognise a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount of cash received for the fractional share interest and your tax basis in the Signet Shares exchanged which is allocable to the fractional share interest. Any such gain or loss generally will be capital gain or loss, and generally will be long-term capital gain or loss with respect to Signet Shares held for more than one year at the effective time of the Scheme.
(c) Certain US federal income tax consequences of holding Signet Jewelers Limited Shares
Distributions made with respect to Signet Jewelers Limited Shares will generally be includable in the
income of a US holder as ordinary dividend income, to the extent paid out of current or accumulated
earnings and profits of Signet Jewelers Limited as determined in accordance with US federal income
tax principles. The amount of such dividends will generally be treated as foreign-source dividend
income, or, if 50 per cent or more of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares are directly or indirectly owned by
US persons, which could be more likely as a result of the change in the parent company of the Signet
Group's primary listing, partly as US-source and partly as foreign-source dividend income in
proportion to the earnings from which they are considered paid. Dividend income received from Signet Jewelers Limited will not be eligible for the "dividends received deduction" generally allowed to US
corporations under the US Code. Subject to applicable limitations, including a requirement that the
Signet Jewelers Limited Shares be listed for trading on the NYSE, the NASDAQ Stock Market, or
another qualifying US exchange, dividends with respect to Signet Jewelers Limited Shares so listed
that are paid to non-corporate US holders in taxable years beginning before 1 January 2011 will
generally be taxable at a maximum tax rate of 15 per cent.
Gain or loss realised by a US holder on the sale or exchange of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares
generally will be subject to US federal income tax as capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the
difference between the US holder's tax basis in the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares and the amount
realised on the disposition. Such gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if the US holder held
the Signet Jewelers Limited Shares for more than one year. Gain or loss, if any, will generally be US
source for foreign tax credit purposes. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
(d)Information reporting and backup withholding
Cash payments received in the transaction by a US holder (as well as future payments of dividends on, and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of, Signet Jewelers Limited Shares) may, under certain circumstances, be subject to information reporting and backup withholding at a rate of 28 per cent of the cash payable to the holder, unless the holder provides proof of an applicable exemption or furnishes its taxpayer identification number, and otherwise complies with all applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. Any amounts withheld from payments to a US holder under the backup withholding rules are not additional tax and should be allowed as a refund or credit against the US holder's US federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
(e)Passive foreign investment company status
A non-US corporation will be classified as a passive foreign investment company (a "PFIC") for any taxable year if at least 75 per cent of its gross income consists of passive income (such as dividends, interest, rents, royalties or gains on the disposition of certain minority interests), or at least 50 per cent of the average value of its assets consists of assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income. If either Signet or Signet Jewelers Limited were characterised as a PFIC, US holders would suffer adverse tax consequences, and US federal income tax consequences different from those described above may apply. These consequences may include having gains realised on the disposition of Signet Shares and/or Signet Jewelers Limited Shares treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain and being subject to punitive interest charges on certain distributions and on the proceeds of the sale or other disposition of Signet Shares and/or Signet Jewelers Limited Shares. Signet believes that it is not a PFIC, and that neither Signet nor Signet Jewelers Limited will be a PFIC for the foreseeable future. However, since the tests for PFIC status depend upon facts not entirely within a company's control, such as the amounts and types of its income and values of its assets, no assurance can be provided that either Signet or Signet Jewelers Limited will not become a PFIC. US holders should consult their own tax advisers regarding the potential application of the PFIC rules to their acquisition of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares pursuant to the Scheme and their ownership of Signet Jewelers Limited Shares acquired in connection with the Scheme.